DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2019.v07i05.051

Pages: 1948-1952

Background: Hyperglycemia is a poor prognostic factor in various subsets of intensively ill patients. Hyperglycemia is a common reason for increased mortality in critical care unit during critical illness. Thus the present study was designed and conducted with an aim to evaluate the impact of admission blood sugar and HbA1C on mortality in intensively ill patients in critical care unit. Methods: This was a retrospective study where medical records between January 2018 and December 2018 of all diabetic patients admitted in CCU were enrolled after obtaining the approval from the institutional ethical committee. 325 diabetic patients admitted to CCUs were enrolled. HbA1c concentrations on CCU admissions were taken from the patients reports. Age, sex, history of DM, co-morbidities, APACHE II score, SOFA score, low blood sugar episodes, medication history, death rate, liver and kidney failure were recorded. Results: Non survivors had significantly higher mean blood sugar values compared to survivors (184.67 mg/dl vs. 135.54 mg/dl respectively). Non survivors showed significantly high values of HbA1c than survivors, without considering the history of diabetes (9.5% vs. 7.5%, respectively). At admission, critical care unit blood glucose has shown a significant relationship with increased mortality rate. Mortality rate was higher when the blood glucose level was more than 200 mg / dl and lower when blood glucose level was below 150 mg /dl. Conclusions: High blood sugar is related significantly with high mortality rate in intensively ill patients. Stress induced hyperglycemia also significantly increases mortality rate in intensively ill patients; this association is affected by chronic hyperglycemia.