Andrographis paniculata is an important medicinal plant belonging to family Acanthaceae and has been used from ancient times. Andrographis paniculata is used as a traditional herbal medicine in Unani, Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, and Siddha system. It has potential to treat multiple health diseases like abortifacient, antithrombotic, expectorant, hepatoprotective and other uses also. The major marker chemical constituent found is andrographolide (2.39%) which had many therapeutic uses. Dominancy of the herbal drug depend’s on the quantity and quality of therapeutic chemical constituents present in it, which are investigated by using advanced and complex techniques. HPTLC is the advanced and sophisticated technique that can be used for the high-resolution chromatography and identify quality and quantity of therapeutic chemical constituents present in herbal drugs. HPTLC can determine the purity, quality, quantity and authenticity of the herbal crude drugs and marketed formulations very quickly. This article summarised all the relevant information regarding Andrographis paniculata and its marketed formulations was collected from various research articles, review articles and availability of Andrographis paniculata formulations in the market. Availability of various Andrographis paniculata formulations from the market were identified and reported. Literature review on quantification and qualification of marker compound Andrographolide from the Andrographis paniculata by HPTLC method with various samples of formulations and whole plant from different locations of India was also done.

Introduction: The main objective of this study is to compare TAP block with subfascial wound infiltration in the prevention of acute and chronic postoperative pain after surgical repair of inguinal hernia. Materials and methods: This is a prospective randomized study. After approval by the local ethics committee and obtaining informed patients consent, ASA I or ASA II patients proposed for a simple inguinal hernia cure are included. Patients were randomized into two groups: Subfascial cicatricial infiltration with 0.5% bupivacaine (20 ml) during wall closure (Group 1); a TAP block (by the technique of two projections) with 0.5% bupivacaine (20 ml) on the operated side (Group 2). Postoperative analgesia is provided by systematic Paracetamol and Nefopam and morphine titration. Apart from demographic parameters and ASA class, the postoperative pain intensity at rest and at coughing, the morphine consumption and the secondary effects were compared. Patients’ satisfaction and postoperative chronic pain at 3 and 6 months were also analyzed. Results: Concerning demographic parameters, ASA class and secondary effects, we didn’t find any meaningful difference. However, there was a significant reduction of postoperative pain in the TAP group whether at rest as coughing. Gr 1 patients asked for more morphine consumption and they were less satisfied and accused more chronic pain. Conclusion: This study shows that the TAP block is as simple and effective technique in reducing acute postoperative pain and preventing chronic pain after inguinal hernia surgery. This technique seems well tolerated and more effective than a single subfascial infiltration injection.

The objective of disease surveillance and response is to improve the flow of information to monitor the spread of Infectious diseases, evaluate the effectiveness of control and preventive measures. This study assessed surveillance actors' knowledge and capacity to access and utilize relevant evidence from COVID-19 response data. The study was carried out in Anambra State. We adopted a pre-test and post-test design for the study. The population included all the surveillance actors in Anambra state, and the sample was 32 surveillance actors drawn from 42 initial invited actors via accidental sampling. Demographic data and pre-test were administered before the one-day intensive training. After the training, a post-test was administered. Data collected were analyzed using means and standard deviations, and the Chi-square test was used to determine relationships between categorical variables. The study results revealed that there is an increase in the mean of knowledge and capacity amongst the respondents. The findings of this study suggest that ICT competence relevant to data analysis and translating data into Evidence-Informed Decision making (EIDM) can be enhanced through training workshops. This study recommends a conscious effort to institutionalize training, capacity building, and mentoring for knowledge sharing and sustainability of EIDM.