Background: In developing countries, anaemia is a major global health problem. India is among the countries with high prevalence of anemia. India’s Adivasi scheduled tribe population are socially and economically vulnerable thus having higher incidence of anemia. Early detection and treatment of anaemia in young children play a major role in promoting the mental and physical growth and development. Material and Methods: This is a prospective study which included 100 children below 14 years of age. Blood samples were collected for haematological investigations. Results: Out of the total 100 cases, 55% were girls and 45% were boys. The most common type of anemia seen was microcytic hypochromic followed by normocytic normochromic anaemia. Conclusion: Anaemia is a common problem in adivasi children. Most anaemia in children is diagnosed with the blood tests. Its early diagnosis and treatment may help to reduce the rate of complications and thus improve the quality of life.

Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the comparison of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by cystatin C with creatinine-based methods in relation to isotope-based method (99m-Tc DTPA plasma clearance) as gold standard in patients with chronic kidney disease. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the outpatient department of nephrology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford hospital; Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and National institute of nuclear medicine and allied sciences (NINMAS), BSMMU, Dhaka from June 2016 to May 2017.A total of 120 Chronic kidney disease patients attending outpatient departments in above institutions were included in the study. Results: During the study, in all CKD patients the mean value of MDRD (36±14), CG (31±14) and CKD-EPI (31±15) which were significantly different (p<0.001) from the mean value of m-GFR method (40±14). Whereas significant difference was not observed (p=0.571) between the value of e-GFR-Hoek’s (39±16) and m-GFR (40±14).Significant correlation was found between m-GFR with MDRD (r=0.724, p<0.001), CG (r=0.697, p<0.001), CKD-EPI (r=0.721, p<0.001), e-GFR Hoek’s (r=0.748, p<0.001). It was observed that e-GFR Hoek’s (r=0.748, p<0.001) were more correlated with m-GFR than all other methods. cystatin C based method [e-GFR Hoek’s (AUC=0.965, Sensitivity 97 %, Specificity 76 %, p <0.0001)] had a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than creatinine based methods [MDRD (AUC=0.914, Sensitivity 100 %, Specificity 23%, p <0.0001), CG (AUC=0.907, Sensitivity 99 %, Specificity 30 %, p <0.0001) and CKD-EPI (AUC=0.908, Sensitivity 98 %, Specificity 30 %, p <0.0001)]. Conclusion: From our study we can conclude that, serum cystatin C based estimated GFR showed better correlation with measured GFR in patients with CKD. Its diagnostic accuracy and agreement was found high with measured GFR than creatinine. Thus, cystatin C would be a good alternative marker for estimation of .....

Fournier’s gangrene is a necrotising fasciitis of the perineum due to synergistic infection. The aim of this study is to know the presentation and the predisposing factors of Fournier’s gangrene and the various management modalities. This is a retrospective study over the period of 2 years from June 2018 to June 2020. In which there were a total of 35 patients included and were analysed for the age at presentation, duration of symptoms at presentation, associated co-morbidities, isolated organisms and the length of stay in the hospital. Most of the patients age was above 50 years and had associated co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus. At presentation the patients were in SIRS and were subjected to immediate surgery followed by broad spectrum antibiotics and regular dressing. Once the wound was healthy either primary closure was done or skin grafting was done. Despite of advances in medical field the mortality remained pretty high in Fournier’s gangrene cases.