Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, is one of the key pests that cause great damage to cotton plant as well as other field and vegetable crops. Plant products, as a promising alternative to the synthetic insecticides, have now been established worldwide. In this work we studied for the first time the insecticidal activity of the sesquiterpene compound, nerolidol, and its effect on growth, development and metamorphosis of S. littoralis. The newly moulted larvae of 5th (penultimate) or 6th (last) instar larvae were fed on castor bean leaves previously treated with seven concentrations of Nerolidol (400, 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 & 6.25 ppm) for 24 hr. The most important results could be summarized as follows. Nerolidol exhibited various degrees of insecticidal activity against larvae, pupae and adults, regardless the instar under treatment. Nerolidol was found more toxic after treatment of last instar larvae (LC50=42.24 ppm) than after treatment of penultimate instar larvae (LC50=50.01 ppm). A remarkable reduction of larval weight gain was recorded, in a dose-dependent course. Similarly, the larval growth was drastically suppressed. The larval and pupal durations were significantly prolonged. Some percentages of the treated 5th instar larvae failed to completely moult into the 6th instar, only at the higher three concentrations. Also, some larvae developed into larval-pupal intermediates. Nerolidol exerted a strong inhibitory action on the pupation rate in a dose-dependent course while the adult emergence was partially blocked, only at the higher concentrations. Nerolidol failed to exert anti-morphogenic action on S. littoralis after treatment of 5th instar larvae, but treatment of 6th instar larvae only with the higher two concentrations resulted in an impaired morphogenesis of some pupae.

Medial subtalar dislocations following sport’s trauma are infrequent and rarely reported in the literature. They have an excellent prognosis with early reduction. We report the observation of a pure subtalar dislocation closed in a young athlete of 28 years, occurring following a sports accident (handball) with medial displacement. The reduction was performed urgently under general anesthesia. Restraint with a cast boot was performed for six weeks, followed by rehabilitation. The functional results were excellent, with no signs of instability or osteoarthritis.

Air contains number of different particles suspended in it. Fungal spores, pollen grains, viruses, bacteria, dust particles, insect parts etc. The Present aerobiological investigation was carried out at Nashik District by using a device Tilak Air sampler. Continuous air monitoring operation was done for 97 days during the months of June, July, August and September of Kharif Season during the year 2013. Airborne catches trapped over the groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) field includes 45 fungal spores, hyphal fragments, insect parts, pollen grains etc. the article defines the definite correlation between the air borne microorganisms, meteorological parameters, growth stages of the crop plants and their impact in bringing about the disease incidence to the ground nut crop plants. A volumetric Tilak Air Sampler was used to trap airborne biological components, which incidentally provided continuous quantitative and qualitative data. Present investigation also mainly aimed to study the population of fungal morphotypes prevailing in the ambient air over the groundnut fields in one Kharif Crop season.