This paper presents an inverse analysis to estimate angle of attack during ascent period of a satellite launch vehicle. Aerodynamic results are numerically computed by solving three dimensional, time dependent, compressible inviscid equations over payload shroud of a satellite launch vehicle. The flush air data system consists of four pressure ports flushed with conical-nose section of the payload fairing and connected to on board differential pressure transducers. The inverse algorithm uses calibrations charts which based on computed and measured data. A controlled random search method is used to predict pitch, yaw and total angle of attack of vehicle from measured transient differential pressure history in flight from Mach numbers range of 0.5 to 3.0. The algorithm predicts the flow direction stepwise with function of flight Mach numbers and can be termed as online method. Flow direction of the launch vehicle is compared with the reconstructed trajectory data. The estimated values of the flow direction are found in good agreement them.

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of common cancers and second cause of death worldwide. In Sudan unfortunately there is few statistical date regarding colorectal cancer and its geographical, ethnic distribution, and pattern of presentation because of lack of statistics or underreporting. Objective: To study pattern of presentations and surgical outcome of colorectal cancer in Sudanese patients. Patients and methods: This study is descriptive cross sectional between (2014-2019); a prospective and retrospective study of histological confirmed cases of colorectal cancer was conducted at SUH. All patients who met the inclusion criteria were involved in the study. Results: We studied (124) patients in the period between (2014–2019). Highest percentage of the patients 78 (62.9%) aged between 46 – 70 years. The mean age was 67±2.4 years. Male to female ratio1.3:1. Rectal bleeding and altered bowel habits were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Left side colonic carcinoma was 82.7% represented the majority of cases with rectal tumor account for 49.2% of all cases. In preoperative, stage B was reported in majority of patients 74(59.7%). The most common surgical managements done for the patients were low anterior resection with or without ileostomy or colostomy32 (36.8%), APR 24(19.3%), left hemicolectomy 15(12.1%), right hemicolectomy 18(14.5%), sigmoid colectomy 9(7.3 and total colectomy 4(3.2%). Final histopathology reports showed that the 65% of the sample were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma 76(61.3 %). the most frequent reported postoperative complication was surgical site infection 8(6.5%) and anastigmatic leak 3(2.4). Conclusion: The mean age of patients in this study was 67±2.4 year, with male to female ratio of 3:1. Rectal bleeding altered bowel habits were the most frequent presenting symptoms and anemia more common in right site. The most common endoscopy findings were rectal tumor, followed by anal tumor, sigmoid colon, ceacal and ...............

Introduction: Measles is a highly contagious acute viral infection. It is a common cause of morbidity and mortality constituting half of vaccine preventable diseases. Aim of the study: The study was designed to describe the demographic, vaccination status, clinical profiles, and outcome of children admitted with measles during study time. Method: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the department of Pediatrics at Adhunik Sadar Hospital, Nilphamari, Bangladesh. The diagnosis of measles based on clinical features. Demographic characteristics of patients and occurrence of measles from the time of vaccination was recorded. Patients below the age of 2 years who were clinically diagnosed as cases of measles were treated and followed. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Results: The most frequent age group of children admitted with measles during the study time 10-14 months was which constitute 35(54.69%) of cases. The youngest age group was 4-9 months constitute 24(37.50%) and the oldest was 15-18 months constitute 5(7.81%).This study showed that 36(56.25%) patients were males and 28(43.75%) were females with a male/female ratio of 1.14:1.21(32.81%) cases where from urban areas and 43(67.19%) were from rural area.39 (60.94%) cases were malnourished in 10-14 months age group, in 4-9months age group 20(30.25%) and in 15-18months age group was 5(7.81%).39(60.94%) children had history of contact with a case of measles in the preceding 3 weeks.20(31.25%) children had no history of contact and 5(7.81%) children had unknown history of contact. The total death ratio of the participants was 4(6.25%) where vaccinated patients was 1(1.56%), not vaccinated was 2(3.13%) which was significant and unknown cases was 1(1.56%). Conclusion: One third of measles infections occurred before the age of 9 months. Half of measles cases were not vaccinated. The majority of the complicated cases had occurred in the unvaccinated children. Pneumonia was found to .....