DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2019.v07i06.037

Pages: 2220-2223

Introduction: UGI bleed is defined as bleed occurring proximally to ligament of trietz common emergency presentation accounting for mortality rate of 10%. Worldwide peptic ulcer disease is the commonest cause. Material and methods: 2-year prospective observational study was performed on 201 patients presenting with hemetemesis. Detailed history, examination and laboratory tests were performed. The statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results: Out of 201 patients, 125 (62.4%) patients were having varices and 76 (37.6%) had no varices. Mean age of the non-variceal population was 43.58years. Patients at presentation having tachycardia and hypotension had significantly increased risk of mortality in non-variceal patients (p=0.012). Patients requiring endoscopic intervention had significantly increased mortality (p=0.001). Patient having rockall score of ≥3 had significantly increased mortality in non-variceal patients. Conclusion: We found variceal bleed to be the commonest cause of hemetemesis. Mean age of the patients having non-variceal bleed was 5th decade. We observed gastritis as the commonest cause of non-variceal bleed. Tachycardia and hypotension on presentation, requiring blood transfusion, rockall score ≥ 3, requiring endoscopic intervention and those who rebleed have poor prognosis.