DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2019.v07i07.013

Pages: 2329-2334

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique for relieving cardiac function by a pump, lung function by an oxygenator and a heat exchanger, after deflecting blood from the heart-lung block. It allows surgery on a heartless and inactive heart. However, it leads to multiple physiological changes in the major functions of the body. Based on these findings, we propose to study the complications secondary to the use of CPB in pediatric cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal, retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of children who benefited from cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery. It takes place in Dakar from January 16, 2017 to December 31, 2017, for one-year duration at Fann's thoracic and cardiovascular surgery center.Any patient up to 15 years of age who benefited from cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery during the study period was included. Results: Congenital pathology was dominated by fallot tetralogy (17.65%) and interventricular communication (16.66%). The acquired valvular pathology was dominated by mitral insufficiency (23.53%). Canulation was aorto-bicave in all our patients. The same SARNS ™ 9000 system perfusion roller console was used as well as membrane oxygenators of the MEDOS® type. The mean duration of CPB in our patients was 103.44 +/- 36.01 minutes [42-205]. Mean duration of aortic cross-clamping was 73.33 +/- 28.3 minutes [17-146]. Duration of assistance was specified in 80 patients (78.4%). It averaged 18.9 +/- 10.25 minutes [6-57]. The total enrollment of our study was 102 patients. A male predominance was noted in our series with 52 boys for 50 girls or a sex ratio of 1.04.The age of our patients ranged from 1.08 to 15 years with an average of 9.41 ± 4.2 years. Post-CPB cardiac complications were marked by metabolic (99%), cardiovascular (37.2%), pleuropulmonary (46.1%), renal (2%), hepatosplanchnic (26.5%), neurological (2 %). The postoperative hemorrhages were 6.9% and the system