DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2019.v07i12.059

Pages: 4122-4129

This study is aimed to study the cases of hyponatremia with regard to pathophysiology, clinical picture and outcome of treatment. In this study patients of hyponatremia admitted in ward [1, 14] and ICU of tertiary care hospital of Ahmedabad were taken. It is an observational and prospective study. Patients were more than 18 years of age various tests were performed on this patients e.g. C.B.C., ESR , ECG, chest x-ray, urine urea, urine sodium, urine glucose, blood sugar, urea, Serum creatinine. In selected cases thyroid function, cortisol level, USG abdomen, city scan were done depending on clinical suspicion. In this study 100 patients were selected from patients having serum sodium less than 130 mEq /L .in this study majority of patients were more than 45 years (78%). Irrespective of gender [6-8]. In this study severe hyponatremia (S. Na+ < 110 mEq/L) was seen in 24%. Commonest gastrointestinal symtems was vomiting, nurological symptoms were irritability, drowsiness, fatigue and coma. State of hydration showed 72% euvolemia 14% hypoeuvolemia and 14% had hypereuvolemia. In this study clinical examination showed that 42% were conscious, 30 % drowsy, 24% unconscious and 4% were restless. In patient with euvolemich hyponatremia S I A D H was commonest (58.3%) they had underline nurological or respiratory problems. In this study mortality was 16 %. Mortality was higher in euvolemic and hypervolemichyponatremia[16,17]. Two patients had hypothyroidism and two patients had hypoadrenalisum. Among patients with hypervolemic hyponatremia 3 had C.C.F [18, 19], two had CRF and 1 had cor-p and 1 had cirrhosis [20]. This study concluded that hyponatremia is common in elderly age group 72% had euvolemic hyponatremia. S I A D H was commonest cause of hyponatremia. It also concluded that rapid fall of sodium creates severe symptoms. Nausea, Vomiting, irritability and seizer were common symptoms.