DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2016.v04i09.038

Pages: 3364-3367

The objective is to find out the incidence and type of periodontal diseases during pregnancy and its relationship with adverse pregnancy outcome. This is a retrospective, case-control study involving 500 participants selected at random within 72 hours of delivery from 1st June 2011 to 31st May 2012 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital in collaboration with Deptt. of Periodontics, Regional Dental College , Guwahati 32, Assam, India. Periodontal disease was considered to be present when the periodontal disease index was found to be more than 4 ( Group I) and the rest belonged to Group II. Pre-eclampsia, PROM, PPROM, preterm delivery, IUGR and stillbirth were included in the outcome parameters. Out of total 500 cases, 160 (32%) had periodontal disease and 340 (68%) did not suffer from the same. Missed teeth and caries in teeth led to higher incidence of periodontal disease. While regular brushing and rinsing of mouth reduces its occurrance, PROM was found more commonly (32%) in Group I. Similarly, the incidence of pre-eclampsia (8.7%) was higher in Group I. Periodontal diseases did not alter the incidence of PPROM, IUGR or stillbirth. Complication rates were similar irrespective of the severity of the disease. Pregnant mothers with periodontal disease may have adverse outome like PROM, pre-eclampsia and preterm birth. Treatment during pregnancy may not reduce the risk of preterm birth. Early detection and treatment of periodontal disease in young women before and during pregnancy will be beneficial for women at risk.