DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2016.v04i12.062

Pages: 4513-4518

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) is a non‑invasive method used for the diagnosis of urolithiasis. If the size of the stone is <5 mm, it may be difficult to diagnose. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of twinkling artifact (TA) of color Doppler US imaging with unenhanced computed tomography (CT) for detecting urolithiasis <5 mm. Material and Method: This is a Prospective study involving patients at our center who had USG and CTU for suspected urinary tract calculi over a period of 1 year at Department of Radiology, Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences. A total of 120 patients’ USG and CTU were compared for the presence of calculi. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of USG were calculated with CTU as the gold standard. Results: From the 120 sets of data collected, 37 calculi were detected on both USG and CTU. The sensitivity and specificity of renal calculi detection on USG were 45% and 78% respectively. The mean size of the renal calculus detected on USG was 5.1 mm ± 3.0 mm and the mean size of the renal calculus not visualized on USG but detected on CTU was 3.2 mm ± 1.6 mm. The sensitivity and specificity of ureteric calculi detection on USG were 28% and 95% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of urinary bladder calculi detection on USG were 20% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Initial ultrasonography was associated with lower cumulative radiation exposure than initial CT, without significant differences in high-risk diagnoses with com-plications, serious adverse events, pain scores, return emergency department visits, or hospitalizations.