DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i12.070

Pages: 2496-2500

Background: The diagnosis of mediastinal lesions is not easy. Special techniques are indicated for evaluation and confirmation of diagnosis. Objectives: The aim of the study is the endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS TBNA) is an important tool for clinicopathological evaluation as well as diagnosis of different mediastinal lesions. Materials and Methods: It was an observational study. EBUS-TBNA was done in eighty six patients. All these individuals have mediastinal pathology. Endobronchial aspiration was done from the lesions seen by ultrasonography and its cytomorphological analysis was done. Tissue morphology was also examined from cell block preparation. Immediate post procedure complications were monitored. Results: In the study, total eighty six (86) cases with adequate material were included. Fifty one (51) cases were granulomatous lymphadenitis, necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis were identified in 20 cases and 28 had non-necrotizing granulomas and only three cases are granuloma with suppuration. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 23 patients (26.7% of granulomatous) and sarcoidosis was found in twenty eight cases (32.6% of granulomatous). Seventeen (19.8%) patients had malignant disorders. Out of 17 cases of malignancy, adenocarcinoma was the predominant (07cases), five cases were non-small cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma was four cases and non-Hodgkin lymphoma was only one. Eighteen cases (20.9%) had cytological features of reactive lymphadenitis. During procedure no complications developed. Conclusions: For diagnosis of different mediastinal pathology and collection of adequate cytological as well as tissue material (cell block), EBUS TBNA is an important diagnostic procedure with minimal invasion.