DOI: 10.36347/sasjs.2023.v09i01.012

Pages: 48-54

Introduction: Acute lithiasis cholecystitis complicates 10 to 15% of symptomatic gallbladder stones. Emergency management with laparoscopic cholecystectomy within the first 72 hours treats the infection and the stones involved in one step without increasing morbidity or mortality. The aim of the study was to report our experience with laparoscopic treatment of acute lithiasis cholecystitis. Material and method: This is a descriptive retrospective study from January 2015 to December 2019. It include all patients treated urgently for acute lithiasis cholecystitis by laparoscopic route. Results: There were twenty-three (23) patients composed of 6 men and 17 women, ie a sex ratio of 3/1 in favor of women. The average age was 50.91 years (range 26 years and 85 years). One patient has sickle cell type SS. The duration of symptoms was 4 days on average (extreme 2 days and 7 days). The symptoms consisted of pain in the right hypochondrium (100%), fever, vomiting (30.4%), pain and localized defense in the right hypochondrium (82.6%). Hyperleukocytosis and elevated CRP were found in all patients. Biological cholestasis was noted in 1 patient. Ultrasound showed stones and a thickened gallbladder wall in 23 cases (100%), a Murphy's sign in 19 cases (82,6). Cholecystectomy was retrograde in 82.6% and anterograde 17.3% of cases. Conversion to laparotomy was performed in 4.3% (1 case). The intervention time was on average 59.6 min (range of 30 min and 180 min). The mean hospital stay was on average 3.6 days (range 2 and 13 days). No death was noted. Morbidity was 8.6%. Conclusion: The delay in consultation and the antibiotic therapy protocols lengthen the time taken for treatment. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the early forms can treat the inflammation and the stones involved in one step.