DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2023.v09i02.014

Pages: 148-155

Introduction: Anemia is one of the most common public health problems in the world and affects all ages. Objective: To describe the etiologycal and evolutionary profile of anemia in the internal medicine unit of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes. Methodology: It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection which took place from January 1 to December 31, 2020 at the Internal Medicine Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. It covered all anemic patients seen in outpatient clinics during the study period. Results: We identified 197 cases of anemia out of 1883 patients admitted to the Unit, either a hospital prevalence of 10.46%. The age group from 26 to 35 years was the most represented, that is to say 67 cases (34.01%) with an average age of 25 years, the female sex predominated, 107 cases (54.31%) with a sex ratio of 0.84. Housewives represented 104 cases (52.8%). The majority of patients resided in rural areas 48 cases (52.75%). Gastropathy was the most found antecedent 76 cases (38.58%) followed by hypertension 53 cases (26.90%); 121 patients (61.42%) had no history. The main clinical manifestations were: conjunctival pallor 118 cases (59.9%), vertigo 112 cases (56.85%), physical asthenia 109 cases (55.33%), dyspnea 101 cases (51.26 %), headaches 99 cases (50.25%). The associated pathologies were: hypertension 76 cases (38.58%), followed by malnutrition (anorexia) 67 cases (34.01%). Biologically, microcytic anemia was the most frequent 127 cases (64.47%), followed by normocytic anemia 53 cases (26.90%) and macrocytic anemia 17 cases (8.63%). Normochromic anemia was more encountered in 104 cases (52,79%) compared to anemia hypochromic 93 cases (47.21%). Mild anemia was more frequent 119 cases (60.41%) followed by moderate anemia 62 cases (31.47%). Anemia was severe in 16 cases (8.12%). The main etiologies of anemia were iron deficiency 98 cases (49.75%) followed by infections (anemia of inflammatory origin) with ..........