DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2023.v09i04.035

Pages: 389-398

Pneumocystosis is an opportunistic infection responsible for severe infiltrative pneumonia and death in immunocompromised patients. However, few studies have been carried out to identify the epidemiological aspects of this pneumonia in our context. Its frequency at Morocco in not well known Our work is a descriptive, analytical and retrospective study of 20 cases collected from January 2008 to December 2021 in the respiratory diseases department of the IBN ROCHD in Casablanca. The goal is to give a better characterization of the specificities of this pathology in our context and thus to contribute to better management. We identified 12 men and 8 women, aged 28 to 45 with an average age of 37. Dyspnea (100%), hyperthermia (90%) and dry cough (30%) were the symptoms indicative of the infection. Pneumocystis jirovecii was isolated from bronchial aspiration fluid in 5 cases. The diagnosis was therefore radio-clinical in 75% of the cases. The LDH level was increased in 18 patients with an average value of 1379.3 UI/l. Curative treatment with the Triméthoprim-Sulfaméthoxazole combination has been initiated in all our patients. Fifty-five percent of patients adjuvant corticosteroid therapy and only 50% were on oxygen therapy. Prophylaxis remains the best treatment for combating this scourge.