DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2023.v09i05.027

Pages: 534-541

Introduction: This study aimed to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of arterial hypertension in diabetic subjects followed at the Internal Medicine Unit at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study carried out from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 (12 months) at the Internal Medicine Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Included were diabetic and hypertensive patients (PAS ≥ 140 mmHg and/or PAD ≥ 90 mmHg) aged 15 years and older followed in an outpatient setting or hospitalized. Results: 406 diabetic subjects were recorded including 157 cases of hypertension associated with diabetes, i.e. an overall prevalence of 38.67%. The age group of 50 -59 was the most affected with 44.58% and the average age was 51 years with extremes of 29 - 82 years. The female sex predominated with 57.96% with a sex ratio of 0.72. According to origin, 64.97% lived in the urban area (city of Kayes) against 35.03% of patients who came from the rural area. Housewives predominated with 40.13%. The functional signs frequently encountered were headaches 66.88% and dizziness 49.04%; polyuria 40.76%; polydipsia 41.40%, weight gain. The majority of patients had type 2 diabetes with 98.73% against 1.27% of type 1 In 24.84% hypertension existed before diabetes and was treated; in 52.87% it was discovered at the same time, in 22.29% it occurred later. Thus, in 122 cases out of 157, i.e. 77.71% of cases, hypertension preceded or was discovered at the same time as diabetes. The hypertension was at grade 2 with 33.75% followed by grade 1 with 32.51%. The associated cardiovascular risk factors found were age > 50 years in men 27.39%, and 60 years in women 35.03%; sedentary lifestyle 63.06%. Peripheral neuropathy 63.06%, hypertensive retinopathy 15.19%, diabetic retinopathy 10.19% were the main complications found. Measurement of fasting blood sugar in our patients showed 24.84% normal blood sugar ........