DOI: 10.36347/sjmcr.2023.v11i06.070

Pages: 1315-1323

Summary: The first publication dates back to the years 1841 by RAYES then the first histological description in 1875 by WINSIG t BLIX…… Tumors of the upper excretory tract are rare but not exceptional tumors and represent 5 to 10% of UC. Their incidence is estimated at 2/100,000 hts. The natural history differs slightly from that of VT, we note 60% of VTEUS which are infiltrating against 15% of VT. The contributing factors are: occupational exposure to certain industrial dyes, aromatic amines, aristolochic acid (inducing nephropathy with Chinese herbs or Balkan wheat flour=Balkan nephropathy), lynch syndrome or HNCC (hereditary non polyposis colonic cancer). The factors indicating a possible tumor falling within a lynch syndrome are age less than 60 years, a family history of cancer or a personal history of other cancers linked to an HNCC (colorectal, endometrium). The diagnosis is based on uroscanner or uro-MRI, in situ urinary cytology, URRS plus biopsy. They can be of pyelo-calicielles or ureteral location, the prognostic factor are the stage, the tumor grade, but also the location which can thus influence the treatment. NUT remains the reference treatment with a collar on a case-by-case basis without forgetting conservative treatment: end urology and segmental resection in certain lesions classified as low risk. Thanks to more recent endourology and imaging studies, clinical and new treatment options, lead to an extension of therapeutic tools. We report a clinical case at the Mohammed V Raba military instruction hospital.