DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2017.v05i12.008

Pages: 4817-4821

Hyponatremia is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity and a longer hospital stay in patients presenting with a range of conditions. However, no report has evaluated the hormone levels specifically for patients with hyponatremia in the emergency department. We retrospectively analyzed the patients who were transported to our department to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of hyponatremia and the levels of hormones during hospitalization. From January 2014 to September 2017, a medical chart review was retrospectively performed for all patients who were transported to our department. The inclusion criteria were all patients who underwent an evaluation for the levels of serum sodium, renin and aldosterone during hospitalization. In addition, we noted the levels of BNP, thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free T3, free T4), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol during hospitalization if these hormones had been evaluated. The exclusion criteria were patients who had undergone a hormone evaluation but died as outpatients. The subjects were divided into two groups: a Hyponatremia group, including patients who developed hyponatremia (< 135 mEq/L) during hospitalization; and a Control group, including patients who did not develop hyponatremia. The patients’ age, sex, levels of serum sodium, renin, aldosterone, ACTH, cortisol, BNP, creatinine, TSH, free T3 and free T4 on arrival and the occurrence of hypokalemia (<3.5 mEq/L) during hospitalization were analyzed between the two groups. During the investigation period, there were 19 patients in the Hyponatremia group and 13 in the Control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the age, sex ratio or levels of ACTH, cortisol, BNP, creatinine, TSH or T4. However, the level of renin in the Hyponatremia group was significantly higher than in the Control group, and the level of free T3 in the Hyponatremia group was significa