DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2017.v05i01.014

Pages: 65-71

Stem cells are immortal cells with the potential to differentiate into various types of cells. These potential stem cells act as an invivo repair and regenerative system for various tissues in the human body, and so physicians are interested in using them to treat various diseases. These stem cells can divide and can either create more groups of stem cells, or they can differentiate into other cells having more specialized functions. Stem cells are truly unique and they are unspecialized cells with a unique capacity of multiplying even after prolonged inactivity. Stem cells are the basic building blocks of life, they have the most amazing abilities and qualities, with the potential to become different types of cell in body tissue, they have the greatest potential to treat degenerative conditions – diabetes, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, blindness, stroke and heart disease. Postnatal stem cells, which are capable of self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation into multiple unique cell lineages have been identified and researched. The ability of stem cells to produce and regenerate pulp-dentine and cementum-periodontal ligament complexes Invivo suggest potential applications of stem cells. Dental stem cells express similar group of proteins which possibly implicates a common origin; however, the dominant cells to repopulate an open apex will be directed by local environmental and growth factors. A greater understanding of anatomical and physiological activity of the stem cells and their environment is necessary to successfully regulate and facilitate differentiation of various cells along a specified developmental path with subsequent tissue regeneration.