DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2017.v05i07.005

Pages: 493-502

The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) with hypothyroidism is a known clinical observation. Patients with diabetes mellitus may be at an increased risk of thyroid disease and further thyroid abnormalities can have adverse effect of metabolic control, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk. Poor glycemic control can produce features similar to hyperthyroidism, such as weight loss despite increased appetite and fatigue and clinical features of hypothyroidism also overlap with diabetes. In view of the frequency both of type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease and their significant interrelationship and clinical implications, this study proposed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in T2DM patients and possible relations between thyroid hormones, obesity, glycaemic control and lipid profile parameters. The study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, BPS Govt Medical College. Hundred confirmed cases of type-2 DM were taken into study. Hundred healthy age/sex matched individuals were taken as control. BMI, waist hip ratio, lipid profile parameters and HbA1c were significantly higher in study group reflecting the obesity, dyslipidemia and poor glycemic control in the study group patients. Prevalence of abnormal thyroid profile was 19% (28.3% in females and 8.5% in males). Subclinical hypothyroidism was observed to be the most common thyroid abnormality (47.4%), followed by subclinical hyperthyroidism (31.6%) and hypothyroidism (21.1%). Thyroid hormone levels (TSH, FT3, FT4, T3, T4) were significantly lower than in control though mean±SD were in the euthyroid range. Thyroid hormones were significantly correlated with BMI, HbA1c, Triglycerides and HDL reflecting their effect on glycemic control and lipid profile. Given the significant prevalence of thyroid abnormalities in type 2 diabetics and their significant correlation with HbA1c and lipid parameters observed, it will be beneficial clinically to assess thyroid hormones in type