DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2017.v05i12.007

Pages: 860-866

The world reports show that the solid waste management in urban areas is the major challenge as more than 2 billion tons per annum of municipal solid wastes are released into the atmosphere. Dumping of municipal wastes such as rubber, plastics, agricultural refuse, and from the industries harm the environment and all the living being as well as reduction in biodiversity. The techniques used for solid waste bioremediation are: biosparging, bioaugmentaion, biopilling, and land farming. Biosparging is generally used in treatment of petroleum wastes at the underground storage tank (UST) sites for aerobic degradation and volatilization. The remediation is achieved by removal of the mass and discharge into groundwater. Bioaugmentation is used both for soil as well as treatment of ground water mainly contaminated with chlorinated ethanes, for degrading into non-toxic ethylene and chloride compounds by the compound-degrading microbes, into activated sludge or compost. Biopilling is a combination of the composting and land farming. Land farming is a natural degradation process and useful mainly against pesticides. Rubber is approximately 12% of the constituent in solid wastes but nondegradable and also nonrecyclable due to presence of polymers and also black carbon. Degradation of rubber is achieved by a fungus, Recinicium bicolourto to remove the toxic components. Rubber is recycled by devulcanization through reducing and oxidizing actinobacteria viz. Pyrococcus furiosus & Thiobacillus ferroxidans. The presentation will discuss various biotechnological ways and means for management of urban solid wastes.