DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2018.v06i01.018

Pages: 88-92

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar, or glucose), or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Atherosclerosis involves a combination of fatty degeneration (atherosis) and of vessel stiffening (sclerosis) of the arterial wall. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) of lower limb described as atherosclerosis below the bifurcation of abdominal aorta, The severity and duration of DM are important predictors of both the incidence and the extent of PVD, The aim of our study is to identify the prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaques in type-II diabetes mellitus patients, using color doppler ultrasonography and to associate it with risk factors like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking, coronary artery disease (CAD), family history and duration of diabetes. It is an observational study done on 100 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented at our centre during study period. The Pearson’s Chi-Square test had used to demonstrate the associations of risk factors like, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking, coronary artery disease (CAD), family history and duration of diabetes. The prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaques in lower limb vessels of diabetic patients was found to be 52%. It showed significant association with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking, coronary artery disease (CAD), family history and duration of diabetes. In our case study, the prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaques was studied among patients with established type —II diabetic mellitus using Colour Doppler Ultrasonography and correlation of the Atherosclerotic Plaque morphology with risk factors was made. The study group comprised of 100 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.