DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2017.v05i11.010

Pages: 4350-4352

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a carbohydrate intolerance that begins and diagnosed during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM worldwide varies from 0.15 to 12.8%. Thyroid hormones are fundamental for growth and neurocognitive development. Though fetal endocrine system functions largely independent of the mother but maternal endocrine disorder can influence the fetus adversely. A relationship between GDM and thyroid hormone exist but yet to be established. The purpose of this study is to explore whether any correlation exist between birth weight, placental weight and thyroid hormone profile. The study design comprised of forty patients of GDM and twelve healthy controls were also included. Venous cord blood samples were obtained by sterile syringe from the double clamped venous cord immediately after delivery. Free T4 and TSH were measured. The mean maternal age was significantly lowered (p<0.05) in control group (27.1±2.5) by 5 years compared to GDM (33.6±2.3). Significantly (p<0.001) higher placental weight was observed in GDM patients (585±60) compared to controls (425±20). Cord blood of GDM patients and controls showed a significant difference in FreeT4 (p<0.001) and TSH values (p<0.001) as (1.0±0.25), (2.2±0.54) and (18.3±7.5), (7.5±1.1) respectively. Hyperglycemia is associated with adverse outcome of pregnancy. GDM was found to be associated with hypothyroidism. Further investigation and research is needed and attention should be given for evaluation of thyroid function in pregnant females with impaired glucose tolerance or GDM.