DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2017.v05i11.038

Pages: 4500-4506

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is described as glucose intolerance with first recognition during pregnancy, and disappears with delivery. Gestational diabetes complicates approximately 2-4% of pregnancies and it causes variable changes in placenta. The study is undertaken to identify the histo-morphological findings of all placenta and to correlate normal and abnormal placental findings in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Thirty placental specimens from gestational diabetes mothers and thirty placental specimens from non gestational diabetic mothers were taken up for the study. The specimens were received in the Department of Pathology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College and Hospital for a period of 18 months was studied. The clinical data related to maternal and foetal details and the blood sugar levels of mother were recorded. Detailed microscopic examination of the variables such as fibrotic villi, villous edema, chorangiosis syncytial knots, fibrinoid necrosis, syncytial knots, thickness of basement membrane. The data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 version. Microscopic examination showed increase in following features in GDM placentas Fibrosis of villi, Villous edema, Chorangiosis, Fibrinoid necrosis, Syncytial knots, Thickened basement membrane, villous immaturity. In all these variables p value was found to be statistically significant. Diabetes in pregnancy alters the placental morphology. Histopathological examination of placenta is indispensable and has to be carried out as a routine protocol.