DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2018.v06i11.074

Pages: 4577-4581

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Chronic viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis C (HCV) and B viruses (HBV) carries significant morbidity and mortality globally. Both of these viruses can lead to the development of CKD in many ways. CKD patients having HBV or HCV infection tend to have higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, these associations are not well established and hence the optimal management of CKD associated with HBV and HCV is not well described because of paucity of data. 800 patients constituting 400 CKD cases and 400 non CKD controls were screened for the presence of chronic viral hepatitis seropositivity. Patients were followed up for a period of one year and morbidity during the one year study period was noted. The prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis B and C were assessed and the difference in the clinical course of CKD in the presence and absence of coexisting HBV or HCV infection were studied. The association between clinical characteristics and outcome variables was analyzed. Among the 800 patients, the prevalence of HCV and HBV infection were 5.8% and 2.4% respectively. HCV infection prevalence amongst CKD patients was significantly higher than non CKD patients (3.5% vs. 1.3%, P=0.037). The difference in HBV infection prevalence was not statistically significant between the two groups (7% vs. 4.5%, P=0.129). The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection was higher in later CKD stages, ranging from 28% in CKD stage 3 to 35 and 42% respectively in CKD stages 4 &5. The morbidity among HBV or HCV infected patients with CKD was significantly high (71.4 vs 43.8, p=0.005) (78.6 vs 44.6, p=0.012). HCV infection prevalence was associated significantly with CKD. Both HBV and HCV are associated with increased disease severity of CKD.