DOI: 10.36347/sjavs.2019.v06i07.002

Pages: 171-175

Indonesia has various breeds of cattle which already domesticated and well-adapted to the environmental condition in Indonesia. The increase in cattle population year by year must be accompanied by the increase in genetic quality. The improvement of genetic quality can be done by knowing genetic variation and relationship as the basis of breeding, especially for Indonesian native cattle. This study aimed to determine the genetic variation and length of Pesisir, Pasundan, Madura, and Bali cattle based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the area of NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit I (ND-1) gene. A total of 48 blood samples were taken from Pesisir, Pasundan, Madura, and Bali cattle (each of breed consisted of 12 cows). Three ml of each blood sample was stored in an EDTA-containing tube. The ND-1 gene amplification was done using the forward primer of 5’AATGGCCGCACGAGGGTTTTA-3’ and reverse primer of 5’ATGGAGCTCGGTTTGTTTCTGC-3’. After that, the sequencing process was conducted in the 1st BASE Laboratory, Malaysia. The genetic variation was determined using MEGA 6.0 software, while the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method. The results showed that the genetic variation in Indonesian native cattle studied here based on ND-1 gene undergoes changes in the substitution base in the form of 16 nucleotide transitions and 1 nucleotide transversion. The farthest genetic length was 0.064 in Pesisir with Bali cattle, while the closest genetic length was 0.013 in Pasundan and Bali cattle. Based on the phylogenetic tree, there are three groups of Indonesian native cattle, the first group consisted of Pasundan and Bali cattle, the second group is Madura cattle, and the third group is Pesisir cattle.