DOI: 10.36347/sjds.2023.v10i09.001

Pages: 196-201

The biochemical analysis of saliva is particularly important in dentistry. Estimation of the risk of disease onset and severity, monitoring of disease progression and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy for premalignant and malignant oropharyngeal lesions as well as infectious diseases of the oral cavity can be performed by analyzing an array of constituents within saliva. Although there is a large body of literature on gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers, this review limits itself to saliva analysis. Salivary constituents that have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for periodontal disease mainly include locally produced proteins of host and bacterial origin (enzymes, immunoglobulins and cytokines), genetic Biomarkers such as DNA and mRNA of host origin, bacteria and bacterial products, ions, steroid hormones and volatile compounds. This review highlights recent advances in the development of salivary proteomic, genomic and microbial biomarkers for periodontal diagnosis, and focus on potential applications and advancements to stimulate additional research.