DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2020.v08i03.008

Pages: 804-810

Introduction: Cutaneous manifestations of DM are very important to the clinician as some of them can prompt the physician to the early detection of diabetes and also reflect the glucose level and lipid metabolism over period of time. Long standing Diabetes Mellitus (DM) leads to permanent and irreversible functional damage in cells of the body, which may be a cause for various complications. Skin being the largest organ of the body, is readily available for examination and study in case of cutaneous disorders of diabetes. Objective: To see the association of skin manifestations with HbA1c in diabetes patients. Material and Methods: 300 known case of diabetic patient were taken and after taking the informed consent, demographic details, duration of diabetes, mode of treatment for diabetes, and glycemic profile were documented. Complete history and examination of all the patients with regards to onset of cutaneous manifestations was taken. Result: 300 patients (45.7% male and 54.3% female), mean age was 53+10.2 years and mean duration of diabetes 7.1+4 years. Mean HbA1c was 8.7+2.7 with 68.7% patients belongs to uncontrolled glycemic group. Most frequently observed skin disease was Bacterial infections (24%), Fungal infections (22.7%), Acanthosis Nigricans (20.4%), Diabetic foot (13.7%), Nail changes (6.6%), Acrochordons (12%), Necrobiosis Lipoidica (7.8%), Viral infections (4.7%), Pruritus (9%) and Xanthelasma (6.2%). There was significant association of uncontrolled diabetes with bacterial (p = 0.013) fungal (p = 0.005) and viral infection (0.045). Females especially had a higher frequency of Acanthosis Nigricans (p = 0.048) and Acrochordons (0.037). Conclusion: Patients with type 2 DM have high frequency of skin infections especially Bacterial and Fungal. Other manifestations like Acanthosis Nigricans and Diabetic foot are comparatively less common.