DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2018.v06i05.048

Pages: 2115-2120

Pancytopenia is a common haematological entity that is characterized by the simultaneous presence of anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. A multitude of disorder primarily or secondarily affecting the bone marrow manifest with various haematological derangement, which is reflected in the peripheral blood, commonly as pancytopenia. Aspiration of bone marrow is an indispensible adjunct to the study haematopoietic disorder and is primarily utilized for cytological assessment. On the other hand, trephine biopsy allows for studies of the marrow’s overall cellularity, detection of focal lesions and extends of infiltration by various pathologic entities.The present study was undertaken to evaluate the etiology of pancytopenia, was focused on clinical and bone marrow profile of each patient.In this cross-sectional study, A total of 102 patients with pancytopenia admitted in Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital in the Department of General Medicine and Department of Pediatric over a period of 1 year from August 2015 to July 2016 and met the inclusion criteria, were studied.Total of 102 patients, of whom 54 patients (53%) were male and 48 patients (47%) were female, were included in this study.The commonest age group affected was 16-30 years followed by 46-60years. The most common presenting complaint was fatigue and fever. The commonest physical findings were pallor followed by splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Megaloblastic anemia (31%) was the commonest cause of pancytopenia, followed by aplastic anemia (22.5%), leukemia (13%).The present study concludes that detailed primary haematological investigations along with bone marrow examination of the patients with pancytopenia is helpful for understanding of the disease process, to diagnose or rule out the causes of pancytopenia and also in planning further investigations and management of these patients.