DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2018.v06i06.007

Pages: 2344-2348

Diabetes is a condition characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from a deficiency of insulin secretion. Unbalanced, it can cause severe complications. Periodontal disease is one of the complications of unbalanced diabetes. This bacterial condition destroys the tissues that support the teeth and causes them to be lost. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the treatment needs in periodontal care of diabetic patients of the National Diabetes Control Center of Bamako. We conducted a descriptive and cross-sectional study, based on the observation of the oral status of diabetic patients during an oral examination. The study took place over a period of three months from July to September 2013. In this study we administered a medical questionnaire, followed by an oral exam. The data were collected from a survey form developed for the occasion, follow-up diaries, registers (consultation and hospitalization), entered on the software Epi info 3.5.3. Statistical calculations were performed with Pearson's chi-2 with alpha risk ≤ 0.05. We collected 110 subjects presenting cases of periodontal diseases that is a frequency of 80.00%. Females accounted for 74.55% of cases with a sex ratio of 0.34. The age group of 41-60 years was the most represented with 59.09% of cases, with extremes of age of 20 years and 77 years (Tab I). Type 2 diabetes was most represented with 89.10% of cases (Tab II). Patients with 0 to 5 years of diabetes accounted for 64.54% of cases (Tab III). Only 3 patients have no risk of complications, ie 33.34% of cases (Tab IV). A mean plaque index (mean oral hygiene) was observed in 43.63% of cases (Tab VI) for mild gingival inflammation in 64.55% of cases (Tab VII). Scaling and polishing was the most represented need for treatment with 50.91% of cases (Tab VIII). This increase in the frequency of periodontal disease in diabetics requires a restoration of the oral cavity and the introduction of oral hygiene satisfactory for a good quality of the glycemi