DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2018.v06i09.071

Pages: 3590-3595

Prevalence of urinary stone disease in Purnia division of Bihar province of India has been studied over a period of three years (2014 to 2016). Chemical composition of 165 surgically removed urinary stones from the division has also been studied. A month wise data of urolithiasis cases reported and diagnosed during the period of work were collected from the government hospitals, private nursing homes and diagnostic centers located within Purnia division. The data were collected with the help of a carefully structured questionnaire. One hundred sixty five surgically removed urinary stones were collected at random from the hospitals and private nursing homes of Purnia division. The stones were analyzed qualitatively for their chemical composition, adopting standard methods. Results revealed a gradual increase in the number of urolithiasis cases in the division over the years. District wise too, there has been a gradual rise in the cases. Male to female ratio of urolithiasis cases was found to be approximately 3:1. Maximum prevalence of the disease was observed in middle age (35 to 44 years) group. The months of June and July were seen to be the peak period when maximum number of cases surfaced. A predominance of the upper urinary tract calculi, particularly in males, was observed. Most of the calculi (81.8%) were found to be of mixed crystalloid composition, with calcium, oxalate and phosphate radicals, dominating. Uric acid/urate, ammonium, magnesium and carbonate were detected in rather less number of stones. Cystine was not found in any stone. Our observations in the present work would serve as a guide to the local physicians and surgeons to assess the factors behind the disease, and also to plan for combating/minimizing the incidence of urolithiasis in this region.