DOI: 10.36347/sasjs.2023.v09i10.007

Pages: 873-878

Background: Placenta praevia is a relatively common condition and a leading cause of antepartum hemorrhage (APH). Cesarean section is a significant risk factor for placenta previa, and failure to recognize and manage this condition's complications has led to avoidable maternal deaths, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh, where maternal and perinatal mortality remains high due to placenta praevia-related complications. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between placenta praevia and previous cesarean sections, identify other potential precipitating factors, and assess the maternal and newborn outcomes of cases with placenta praevia. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2021 to June 2021. Participants meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants, and data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Results: The study found that placenta praevia was more prevalent in women aged 30-39 years (57%) and those with a gravidity of four (42%). Placenta praevia was five times more common in patients with >2 previous cesarean sections (67%) compared to those with <2 previous cesarean sections (33%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences. Antepartum hemorrhage was the most common obstetric complication (70%), and perinatal mortality was 20%. Conclusion: This study underscores a strong association between cesarean section and the development of placenta praevia. To reduce the risk, primary cesarean deliveries should be minimized, and vaginal birth should be advocated for women with a history of cesarean delivery. Pregnant women with prior cesarean deliveries should be considered at increased risk for subsequent placenta praevia development, with potential adverse fetomaternal outcomes.