DOI: 10.21276/sasjm.2019.5.6.1

Pages: 81-86

Introduction: The primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) of the child is an autoimmune disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia; it is a benign pathology of evolution most often favorable. Purpose: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and progressive characteristics of childhood and adolescent ITP in the pediatric hematology and pediatric oncology unit in Casablanca. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study from January 2010 to December 2016, collating the records of patients followed for ITP whose age is less than or equal to eighteen years. We studied epidemiological, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary data. Results: 52 patients were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 9 years. The sex ratio M / F: 0.33. Hemorrhagic manifestations were the revealing syndrome in 92% of patients with a sudden onset in 73% of patients. The average platelet count was 16,000 / mm³. 88.5% of patients were initially treated with corticosteroid alone, and 11.5% withheld and monitored. ITP was acute in 27 patients (52%) and persistent or chronic in 25 patients (48%). For the treatment of chronic or persistent forms Rituximab was used in 11 patients (21%), and splenectomy was performed in 10 patients (19%). Conclusion: ITP is a common pathology in children whose evolution is most often favorable, spontaneously or with first-line treatments. However a progression towards a chronic or persistent ITP is possible, higher in our series, raises other modalities of the treatment.