DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2018.v06i12.001

Pages: 735-747

Anthropogenic actions pose a threat to plant biodiversity, leading to an imbalance of flora in Cameroon in general, in the locality of Lara in particular. The objective of our study is to make an ecological and environmental characterization of sacred forests, anthropized savannahs and reforested sites in the locality of Lara. The work involved making floristic inventories and ethnobotanical surveys of local populations. The floristic surveys were carried out on 3 plots of 50 x 50 m in each plant formation and in each village. Statgraphic 5.0 plus, Excel and Xlstat pro, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Biodiversity Index, Frequency and Density Calculations were used for data processing and analysis. These different analyzes have shown that the remarkable consequences of the impact of human activities on plant biodiversity and on the environment are: the loss of NWFP (87.5%), climate change (80%) and the installation of the desert (69.17%). From this study, 13 species were recorded as overexploited in the locality of Lara. These are primarily Anogeissus leiocarpus (55%), Sclerocarya birrea (50.83), Balanites aegyptiaca (47.5%), Detarium senegalensis (45%) and Boswellia dalziellii (44.17%). Regarding the surveys, they were carried out with 150 people in three villages (Bipaing, Lera and Going) or 50 people per village. In order to safeguard plant biodiversity, we envisage in our future prospects:  Expand the study area throughout the Far North region; Promote the practice of agroforestry;