DOI: 10.36347/sajp.2024.v13i06.009

Pages: 271-276

Tooth decay, a chronic ailment that affects only humans, is one of the most common and dangerous oral health problems in the world today. As a result, teeth hard tissues are damaged. Acidic byproducts of bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates, specifically sucrose drates, harm acellular tissue. Most people have sluggish progression because their tooth minerals and dental biofilms are in balance, but there is an ecological imbalance caused by microbial activity that causes bacterial plaque pH to fluctuate, affecting acid production, saliva's buffering effect, and the tooth's supporting structure. The microbial population of caries is diverse, with a considerable number of facultative and obviobic microorganisms. The major organism associated with it is S. mutans. Dental decay can hurt humans by limiting their intake of critical energising foods in a variety of ways, including dental pain, infection, and stomatognathic system failure. Children and adults, as well as their academic performance, interpersonal skills, and recreational activities. Additionally, oral and pharyngeal cancers, as well as oral tissue lesions, are serious health concerns. Ludwig angina and cavernous sinus thrombosis are both potentially deadly. As a result, oral disorders necessitate treatment, which is usually costly and inconvenient for the entire community due to a lack of time, people, and money. Prevention is consequently less expensive. Dietary adjustments and attention to personal hygiene should be recommended.