DOI: 10.36347/sjmcr.2024.v12i06.055

Pages: 1185-1190

Objective: report the epidemiological-clinical and therapeutic aspects of lithiasis of the lower urinary tract in the reference health centers of commune I of Bamako and Nioro du Sahel. Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional data collection, carried out in the urology units of the reference health centers of commune I of Bamako and Nioro du Sahel in Mali from May 1 2020 to May 1, 2023 (36 months). Results: Lower urinary tract lithiasis constituted 41.13% of all urolithiasis and 3.5% of all surgical activities in the department. The average age of the patients was 28 years (2; 67 years). The most represented age group was that between 0 and 10 years old with 34.86% of cases. The male gender was the most affected with 89.91% of cases. The most represented socio-professional categories were: farmers (45.87% of cases) followed by pupils/students (38.53%). The majority of our patients had consulted for hypogastric pain (5 3.21%). The history was dominated by urinary bilharziasis in 24.77% of cases. On physical examination, a bladder globe was present in 23.85% of cases. A urinary infection was found in 43.12% of patients, Escherichia Coli was the most common germ (12.84%). Ultrasound of the urinary tree was performed in 96.33% of patients. The bladder location was the most common with 88%. All patients underwent conventional surgery and the etiological treatment was carried out at the same time. The outcome was favorable with simple operative outcomes in 92.66% of cases. Complications were marked by 5 cases of parietal infections, 2 cases of vesicocutaneous fistulas and one case of death. Conclusion: Lithiasis of the lower urinary tract is more common in patients aged 0-10 years. Its curative treatment involves cystolithotomy associated with the treatment of the causative disease.