DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2024.v10i07.021

Pages: 693-700

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly prevalent in both developing and developed countries, posing significant morbidity and mortality risks. Many AKI cases can be prevented through interventions at individual, community, and in-hospital levels. However, there has been limited research on acute kidney injury (AKI) within the Armed Forces in Bangladesh. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury patients in the nephrology center of the Combined Military Hospital in Dhaka. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the nephrology center of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September 20, 2012, to March 20, 2013. A total of 50 acute kidney injury (AKI) cases were included using purposive sampling. The study examined the etiology, mode of presentation, laboratory findings, management, and outcomes of AKI cases. Data were analyzed using MS Office tools and SPSS version 23.0. Results: In this study, more than one-fourth of the participants (26%) experienced AKI due to hypovolemia from diarrhea, vomiting, or hemorrhage. NSAIDs and/or rhabdomyolysis accounted for 14% of cases. Other potential etiologies included septicemia (12%) and falciparum malaria (8%). Most patients (84%) recovered completely, while 4% died due to severe falciparum malaria and septicemia. Complications included peritonitis (8%), RTI (6%), UTI (6%), wound infection (8%), pulmonary edema (4%), and septicemia (4%). Conclusion: Hypovolemia from diarrhea, vomiting, or hemorrhage, NSAIDs, rhabdomyolysis, septicemia, and falciparum malaria are common etiologies of AKI. Over eighty percent of AKI cases completely recover through one or more treatment procedures, including conservative treatment, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).