DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sasjm.2024.v10i08.015

Pages: 785-790

Introduction: Severe acute pancreatitis is considered "a true ICU disease" as all organs can be affected either initially or secondarily. The overall mortality rate for acute pancreatitis of all forms is 4-10%, which can reach 30% in severe forms. The aim of our study was to reveal and describe the prognostic, epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and evolutionary factors of severe acute pancreatitis. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study focused on cases of severe acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit of Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes, Morocco, between January 2017 and September 2018, involving 23 patients. The study detailed epidemiological, clinical, biological, radiological, and evolutionary aspects. Results: 23 cases of severe acute pancreatitis were recorded, with 68% women and 32% men, with an average age of 62 years. Biliary origin was the most common cause of severe acute pancreatitis (69%). The diagnosis was established based on a suggestive clinical picture associated with lipase levels >3x normal. Most patients presented to the hospital within 12 to 24 hours of symptom onset. Abdominal CT revealed a predominance of Balthazar stage D and E acute pancreatitis in 77% of cases. The severe acute pancreatitis rate among all hospitalized patients during our study period was 18%. The average length of stay in the ICU was 5 days (range 2-13 days). The outcome was marked by a 34% mortality rate. Conclusion: According to our study, the mortality rate for severe acute pancreatitis is 34%, highlighting the severity of this condition and the need for early and dynamic patient management.