DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2020.v08i10.027

Pages: 2355-2360

Background: Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults often presents with a clinical phenotype indistinguishable from that of classic Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Presence of auto antibodies, at diagnosis the secretion function of islets of beta-cell progressively worsens with disease duration which effects on the glycemic control and treatment failure. Among the auto antibodies Islet Cell Autoantibody (ICA) play important role in beta cell destruction leading to diabetes. Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the relationship between ICA and changes in the Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in newly diagnosed T2DM. Materials & Methods: A total number of 173 T2DM adult subjects of both sexes was selected and tested for presence of ICA autoantibody. ICA was measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method and HbA1c measured by Immunoassay technique. Results: The participants divided into two groups according to presence and absence of ICA antibody. Among ICA positive cases, maximum patients were male within 41-50 years. No significant difference between ICA positive and negative patients in respect of age and gender. 12.7% (22 positive cases out of 173) of T2DM patients had been found to be ICA positive which was statistically significant (p<0.001). In ICA positive patients mean BMI (kg/m2) was 24.56±3.96 and in among 151 ICA negative cases mean BMI (kg/m2) was 24.90±4.07 which was not statistically significant. Mean of Fasting Blood Sugar(FBS)12.77±3.35 at the time of diagnosis among ICA positive patients is statistically significant (p<0.001). At diagnosis, the difference of mean HbA1c is higher in ICA positive patients than in ICA negative patients in newly diagnosed T2DM patient which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: HbA1c levels were associated with ICA positive type 2 diabetic patients which indicate HbA1c has a potential diagnostic role to detect beta cell destruction leading to insulin resistance.