DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2013.v01i07.008

Pages: 386-390

Introduction: Arthroscopic knee surgery, introduced in the 1970s, has revolutionized orthopedics by offering a minimally invasive approach to diagnose and treat various knee pathologies. Despite its advantages, complications can occur, ranging from minor to severe. Objective: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of complications associated with arthroscopic knee surgery, including their incidence, risk factors, and management strategies. Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted over 12 months, involving 300 patients aged 18-65 undergoing elective arthroscopic knee surgery. Data on pre-operative characteristics and post-operative complications were collected through medical records and patient-reported outcomes. Patients were followed up at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery. Results: The study revealed complication rates as follows: infection (0.8%), deep vein thrombosis (0.5%), hemarthrosis (3.5%), nerve damage (1%), and prolonged pain and stiffness (12%). Risk factors included age over 50, complex procedures like ACL reconstruction, and comorbidities such as obesity and diabetes. Most complications were successfully managed with appropriate interventions. Conclusion: While arthroscopic knee surgery is generally safe, complications do occur. This study underscores the importance of preventive strategies, proper surgical technique, and early post-operative rehabilitation to minimize risks and enhance patient recovery. The findings contribute to informed consent processes and guide improvements in surgical techniques and perioperative care protocols.