DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2013.v01i06.0100

Pages: 1127-1132

Introduction: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is defined as the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream as a result of widespread malignant cell lysis, which can occur spontaneously or during antineoplastic therapy. The most frequent disease-related emergency that individuals with acute leukemia experience is TLS. Leukemia has a global incidence of 10–18 cases per 100,000 people annually. The prevalence of acute leukemia in Bangladeshi people is 28.3%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TLS in patients with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Hematology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2012 to June 2013. In our study, we included 120 patients with acute leukemia who were enrolled in the inpatient department of Hematology. Result: The mean age of our study patients was 47.2 ± 13.9 years with a male (65%) predominance. Among the patients, tumor lysis in ALL was seen in 52 patients, of which 29 patients (55.77%) had LTLS & CTLS was seen in 23 patients (44.23%). Tumor lysis in AML was seen in 19 patients, of which 13 patients (68.42%) had LTLS & CTLS was seen in 6 patients (31.58%). Conclusion: In our study, we found that TLS is a rather common side effect that arises during induction therapy for patients with AML. Just one-third of patients who fulfilled the LTLS criteria went on to develop CTLS, the kind of TLS with a greater induction mortality risk.