DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2024.v12i10.023

Pages: 1405-1409

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common malignant skin cancer, and its occurrence is on the rise globally. The main risk factors are cumulative sun exposure, immunosuppression, and inflammation. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent metastasis and improve patient outcomes. Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), have improved the accuracy of SCC diagnosis. Dermoscopy allows for better identification and targeted biopsy of suspicious areas, while RCM provides noninvasive and precise monitoring of treatment progress. The treatment of SCC has also advanced significantly in recent years. For patients with severe actinic damage and multiple in situ/low-risk SCC, cancer treatment has shown promising results. This approach involves the use of topical agents to target the tumor and the surrounding areas where cancer may develop. Additionally, novel therapies, such as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been developed for locally advanced and metastatic SCC. In conclusion, the incidence of SCC has been increasing globally, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent metastasis and improve patient outcomes. Advanced diagnostic techniques and treatment options have improved significantly in recent years.