DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2020.v06i01.005

Pages: 12-14

Allopurinol is a commonly prescribed uric brake drug. However, it is one of the main drugs providing serious toxiderma such as Lyell, Stevens-Johnson syndromes and drug hypersensitivity syndrome or drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). We carried out a retrospective study, carried out at the dermatology department of the CHU Mohammed VI of Marrakech over a period of 16 years from January 2003 to September 2019. We included all cases of allopurinol toxiderma diagnosed during the study period. The parameters studied are age, sex, associated defects, time to onset of toxiderma, clinical form, length of hospital stay and evolution. We have collected 100 cases of toxiderma, including 23 due to allopurinol (23%). Our patients were aged 18 to 76 with an average of 59.1 years. The sex ratio was 3.25 with a clear female predominance. 47% of our patients were diabetic, 35% were hypertensive and 29.4% were followed for chronic renal failure. Only 2 of our patients were on Allopurinol alone. Clinically, the main form found was Stevens Johnson syndrome in 47% followed by generalized acute exanthematic pustulosis and DRESS syndrome with 17.6% each and then rash maculo -papular with 11.7% and erythroderma in one case. These toxiderma required hospitalization ranging from 2 to 24 days with an average of 13.4 days. The evolution was favorable in almost all cases with only one death.