DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2024.v12i11.006

Pages: 417-427

As an environmentally friendly substitute for conventional nanoparticle manufacturing techniques, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become a ground-breaking instrument in sustainability and environmental protection. Because these nanoparticles are made from biological materials like plants, microbes, and enzymes, they don't require dangerous chemicals and use less energy. They are adaptable for tackling important environmental issues because of their distinct physicochemical characteristics, which include large surface area, adjustable size, and form. Applications include air purification via the catalytic breakdown of volatile organic molecules and wastewater treatment, where they efficiently eliminate heavy metals, organic contaminants, and pathogens. Additionally, biosynthesized nanoparticles are essential for soil remediation because they accelerate the breakdown of contaminants and increase soil fertility. Their antibacterial qualities prevent environmental diseases from spreading, improving public health. The most exciting recent developments have investigated their possibilities in sustainable agriculture, where they show great potential in encouraging plant growth and controlling pests, offering hope for a more sustainable future. In addition to addressing the difficulties and constraints in their large-scale production and use, this review explores the synthesis mechanisms, environmental applications, and aspects of biosynthesized nanoparticles, highlighting their role in promoting a sustainable and environmentally friendly future.