DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i12.075

Pages: 2525-2530

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common global birth defect, affecting millions annually. Advances in neonatal cardiac surgery have improved survival, but challenges persist in reducing complications and optimizing long-term outcomes. Aim of the study: This study aims to identify the risk factors influencing survival outcomes following surgery for congenital heart diseases (CHD) in the neonates and infants Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 20 neonates and infants undergoing CHD surgery between March 2021 and August 2022 in the Department of Cardiac surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Demographic, preoperative, and postoperative variables were assessed. Statistical analysis included logistic regression to identify mortality predictors. Result: The mean age of babies was 5.38±3.61 months, with a 65.0% male predominance. TAPVC (40.0%), TGA (35.0%), and PDA (25.0%) were the most common diagnoses. Postoperative mortality was 40.0%, with endotracheal (ET) tube blockage (OR: 0.058, p<0.001) and renal failure (OR: 0.037, p<0.001) identified as independent mortality predictors. The mean hospital stay was 9.17±1.36 days. Conclusion: Congenital heart surgery faces high mortality (40%), with ET tube blockage and acute kidney injury as key risk factors. Despite advancements, outcomes lag behind global benchmarks. Targeted quality improvement, enhanced perioperative & postoperative care, standardized protocols, and regional centers of excellence are crucial for improving survival and long-term outcomes.