DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2025.v13i02.009

Pages: 340-347

Introduction: Pneumonia is a severe acute lower respiratory infection that poses a major risk to worldwide public health, with high rates of morbidity and mortality in children under five. The risk factors for childhood pneumonia are sociodemographic status (age, domicile, occupation, educational attainment, monthly income, and family size) and malnutrition in lower-income nations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine socio-demographic determinants and nutritional status associated with recurrent pneumonia among children under five years old. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics at Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2022 to June 2022. In our study, we included 50 children aged 2 months to 5 years with recurrent pneumonia admitted to Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute within the study period. Result: The mean age was 19.0±15.7 months. Male patients were predominantly 33 (66.0%) whereas females were 17 (34.0%). Cough was presented in all patients, followed by respiratory distress (78.0%), fever (66.0%), and reluctant to feed (10.0%). Family number of feeding members 6-10 were found in 29 (58.0%) patients. Smoking by any family member was found in 28 (56.0%). Exclusive breast feeding was found in 18 (36.0%) patients. Among all children with pneumonia, most (56%) were malnourished and 44% were well-nourished. Conclusion: Our study shows that there was an increase in the prevalence of recurrent pneumonia within cases with extended family members, with a history of parental smoking, underweight, malnutrition, and low socio-economic status.