DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2025.v13i02.004

Pages: 91-103

This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing literature on research design, philosophy, and quantitative approaches in scientific research methodology. It explores the theoretical foundations that influence researchers’ choices when developing a research strategy, with particular emphasis on the alignment between research philosophy and methodological choices. By examining key philosophical paradigms such as positivism, interpretivism, and pragmatism, the paper highlights how these frameworks shape the selection of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research approaches. The Research Onion Model is utilized to demonstrate the sequential layers of research design, from philosophical stance to data collection strategy. Through a review of current research, this paper provides insights into the importance of selecting the appropriate methodology based on the research objectives, questions, and underlying theoretical perspectives. The findings suggest that understanding the interplay between philosophy and methodology is crucial for ensuring a coherent and effective research design. By synthesizing existing theoretical perspectives, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the methodological choices available for scientific research.