DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2025.v13i02.033

Pages: 488-493

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney, with varying histopathological subtypes and clinical presentations. Early diagnosis and accurate staging are crucial for optimal management and improved patient outcomes. This study aims to comprehensively review the diagnosis and staging of RCC in Bangladeshi patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a one-year period from February 2024 to February 2025. A total of 40 patients diagnosed with RCC were included. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, histopathological subtypes, tumor staging, and treatment modalities were collected and analyzed. Results: The majority of patients (65%) were older than 50 years, with a male predominance (72.5%). Flank pain (55%) and hematuria (45%) were the most common symptoms, while 37.5% of cases were detected incidentally. Contrast-enhanced CT was the most frequently used imaging modality (80%). Clear cell RCC was the predominant histological subtype (67.5%). Tumor staging revealed that 37.5% of cases were T1, while 40% had advanced-stage disease (T3/T4). Radical nephrectomy was the most common treatment (55%), followed by partial nephrectomy (25%). Conclusion: RCC in Bangladeshi patients predominantly presents at advanced stages, emphasizing the need for improved early detection strategies. Imaging, particularly CT, plays a crucial role in diagnosis and staging. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment. Further studies are needed to explore long-term outcomes and optimize treatment approaches.