DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2025.v13i02.021

Pages: 305-308

Neurofibromas are benign tumors that develop from the nerve roots and plexuses of the spinal nerves. Plexiform neurofibromas, which are pathognomonic of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), are typically slow-growing and can present with a variety of symptoms depending on their location. This article reports the case of a 7-year-old child with a history of scoliosis who presented with a swelling in the lumbar region. Clinical examination revealed painless subcutaneous nodules, multiple café au lait spots, and hypertrichosis. Ultrasound showed hypo-echoic, well-limited, hypervascular nodules, while thoracolumbar MRI revealed T2 hyperintense nodular thickening of the dorsolumbar roots and paraspinal soft tissues, consistent with plexiform neurofibromas. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of NF1 with plexiform neurofibromas. The discussion highlights the importance of clinical examination and advanced imaging, particularly MRI, in diagnosing NF1 and assessing the extent of the lesions. Management primarily involves symptom monitoring, as complete surgical resection is often challenging. Early diagnosis and long-term follow-up are critical to managing complications such as tumor progression, skeletal abnormalities, and malignant transformation.