DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjds.2025.v12i06.002

Pages: 90-93

Background: The Cusp of Carabelli is a morphological variant located on the mesiopalatal surface of maxillary first molars, ranging from shallow grooves to prominent cusps. Its prevalence varies across ethnic groups and may contribute to clinical issues such as plaque retention, caries, aesthetic concerns, and occlusal complications. However, data on its prevalence and clinical relevance in the Bangladeshi population are limited. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, morphological variations, and clinical implications of the Cusp of Carabelli in maxillary permanent first molars among Bangladeshi individuals, with particular focus on caries and occlusal effects. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at BSMMU and Dhaka Dental College, involving 1,000 participants aged 8–40 years. Clinical examinations were performed by two calibrated examiners to assess the presence, morphology, carious involvement, and occlusal contact of the cusp. Data were analyzed using SPSS; associations were tested using chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Results: The Cusp of Carabelli was observed in 41.2% of participants, predominantly bilaterally (83%). Among those with the cusp, 25.7% had carious lesions, mostly located near the cusp. Occlusal contact on the cusp was noted in 8.3%, but no significant wear or interference was found. A statistically significant association was observed between caries and occlusal contact (p = 0.02). No significant variation in prevalence was found across age or sex groups. Conclusion: The Cusp of Carabelli is common in the Bangladeshi population and associated with increased caries risk, warranting preventive attention during routine dental care.