DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2025.v13i07.004

Pages: 898-907

Water hyacinth (WH), Eichhornia crassipes is a rapidly propagating, free-floating aquatic plant known for its impressive capacity to absorb contaminants from polluted water bodies. Its expansive root system, rapid growth rate and resilience to various pollutants make it a viable tool for phytoremediation that works as an eco-friendly and sustainable source of biomass and biochar that has drawn attention for its remarkable phytoremediation capabilities. It is an efficient agent for eliminating pollutants from a variety of water bodies due to its quick development, wide root system and high tolerance to pollutants. This short review explores the mechanisms, effectiveness and potential uses of WH in water treatment are covered, which also emphasises the plant's potential as a justifiable solution for problems with water pollution. Additionally, this review cites research on the water hyacinth's ability to absorb substances, lowering the levels of heavy metals, organic substances and a number of other physiochemical parameters in textile wastewater like TSS (total suspended solids), TDS (total dissolved solids), COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD (biological oxygen demand) etc. Novelty Statement: This short review offers a concise but complete available information of water hyacinth’s phytoremediation potential, highlighting the plant’s capacity to eliminate a wide range of contaminants from different wastewater sources such as heavy metals, nutrients and organic contaminants. This work's uniqueness is, it incorporates treatment efficiency, application techniques, and current experimental data to provide academics and policymakers looking for long-term water treatment solutions with a useful resource. It adds value to existing literature by bridging ecological insights with real-world wastewater management practices.