DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sasjm.2025.v11i07.011

Pages: 702-705

Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that predominantly affects adolescents but can persist or emerge in adulthood. Its pathogenesis involves an intricate interplay among sebaceous hyperactivity, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammatory responses. Clinically, acne presents a broad spectrum, from non-inflammatory comedones to severe nodulocystic lesions. Management strategies are guided by severity, type, and patient-specific factors, utilizing topical, systemic, and hormonal therapies. Complications such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and scarring are common and may require specialized interventions. This review discusses acne’s pathophysiology, clinical variants, current therapeutic strategies, and complications, integrating contemporary evidence-based recommendations.