DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i12.009

Pages: 404-410

Background: Coastal areas, which are inhabited by more than 40% of the world population, are under increasing threat from climate-induced processes and associated impacts, such as sea-level rise, cyclones, and storm surges. Classical hard armouring solutions (e.g., seawalls and levees) provide short-term relief, but frequently degrade ecosystem integrity, interfere with natural systems of sediment transport, and are not economically feasible to maintain under complex climate conditions. Such sustainable and climate-ready coastal protection systems are fundamental to the overall adaptation, and the development of these is urgently required. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to assess and compare the effectiveness, adaptability, and socio-ecological co-benefits of sustainable seawalls, surge barriers, and nature-based protection systems. It also aims to co-create a participatory and scalable approach to resilient infrastructure planning that applies across a range of geographies, from the coast to inland analogues such as Osmanabad with similar hydrological vulnerabilities. Methods: A mixed-methods research design was implemented, combining RS, GIS-based scenario modeling, stakeholder involvement, and MCDM. Validating coastal hazards modelled using CMIP6 projections was achieved via ground-truthing, participatory mapping, and hydrological analogues from an inland flash flood database. Results: The findings indicate that hybrid and nature-based systems are superior to conventional systems in terms of life-cycle cost effectiveness, ecological restoration, and community acceptance. Short-term hazards were addressed through surge (and wave) barriers, and, while effective in the short term, cost and demand for flexibility constrained this option. Inclusivity through the design that is culturally grounded and low maintenance was emphasised by stakeholders, particularly for climate-vulnerable groups. Conclusion: In sum, to protect our coastal regions, infrastructur