DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2025.v13i10.008

Pages: 2214-2219

Background: Breast cancer remains the most common cancer, and its management is becoming more complex due to the diversity of patient profiles. Identifying recurrence risk factors is crucial for tailoring therapeutic strategies. Objective: This retrospective study aims to determine the main risk factors for breast cancer recurrence in a cohort of 424 patients treated at the Radiotherapy Department of the National Institute of Oncology in Rabat, with a focus on the influence of hormonal receptor (HR) status. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of 424 patients. Clinical and pathological data, collected between January 1st and December 21st, 2024, were analyzed. Six patients lost to follow-up were excluded. The role of risk factors in recurrence was evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that negative HR status (OR=2.525; 95% CI: 1.211-5.248; $p \< 0.011$), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (OR=0.451; 95% CI: 0.211-0.919; $p \< 0.031$), and massive nodal involvement (>4 N+) were significant and independent risk factors for recurrence. Hormonal receptor status emerged as a key prognostic marker. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that lymphovascular invasion, nodal involvement, and negative hormonal receptor status are powerful predictors of breast cancer recurrence. These factors must be systematically integrated into clinical decision-making algorithms to optimize the treatment and follow-up of our patients.